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中文摘要：
针对出租车合乘系统定价问题，综合考虑多种定价因素，构建了多目标优化模型，设计了基于改进小生境粒子群的出租车合乘定价多目标优化算法，提出了一种合乘定价优化方法，通过实例说明了定价优化方法的应用，并且分析了出租车与乘客供需比对优化结果的影响．研究结果表明，合乘支付比例同时影响司机收入、乘客支付及补贴管理费用，为了均衡各方利益，必须选取适当的支付比例；而且优化结果受到供需比的影响，随着乘客量的增加各目标逐渐优化，当供需比达到饱和时，系统目标达到极值．
英文摘要：
For the pricing problem of taxi carpooling system, the multi-obiective optimization model considering multiple pricing parameters is built, optimization algorithm based on advanced microhabitat particle swarm is designed, and a method of taxi carpooling pricing is proposed. The application of the method is shown by an example, and the effects of the ratio of supply and demand on optimization results are analyzed. The results show that; taxi carpooling payment ratio has influence on passenger payment, driver income, subsidies and management fee simultaneously. In order to balance each object, appropriate payment ratio can be determined. Optimization results are influenced by the ratio of supply and demand. Each object tends to more optimization gradually with passengers increasing. System objects reach the extreme values when the ratio of supply and demand reaches saturation. These conclusions have a certain guiding significance to formulating taxi policy.
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