中文摘要：

规章的 T 房间(Tregs ) 的频率在 HIV 感染上增加了的背景但是它的计数实际上减少了。我们建议 Treg 计数的减少可以引起禁止的效果的减小并且从而在 HIV 感染期间说明 Tregs 的在激活上。然而， Tregs 是否也是过去激活的，仍然保持未知并且此后，激活导致了死亡可以导致 Tregs 的减少。方法 Tregs 被定义为 CD4+CD25+CD127lo/-T 房间。81 HIV-1 感染了病人在我们的学习被注册，并且 22 个 HIV-1 seronegative 施主作为控制被招募。Tregs 上的 HLA 医生的层次被 FACSAria 流动 cytometer 决定。ResultsCompared 到 HIV-1 seronegative 施主， CD4+CD25+CD127lo/- Tregs 上的 HLA 医生的层次显著地在 HIV-1 被增加感染的病人，和它的增加断然与病毒的负担被联系(r=0.3163， P=0.004 ) 并且否定地，与 CD4， T 房间数(r=-0.4153， P < 0.0001 ) 。另外，在 CD4+CD25+CD127lo/-Tregs 和 HLA 医生， CD38， Ki67 表示 CD4+ 和 CD8+ T 房间的百分比上的 HLA 医生表示之间的重要协会也被识别。Tregs 上的结论 HLA 医生是为病毒的复制和疾病前进的一个好标记。Tregs 的在激活上可能导致 Tregs 的减少。

英文摘要：

Background The frequencies of regulatory T cells （Tregs） increased over the HIV infection but its counts actually decreased. We proposed that the decrease of Treg counts may cause the reduction of inhibitory effect and thereby account for the over-activation of Tregs during HIV infection. However, it remains unknown whether Tregs are also over-activated and thereafter the activation induced death may lead to the decrease of Tregs. Methods Tregs were defined as CD4＋CD25＋CD127lo/-T cells. Eighty-one HIV-1 infected patients were enrolled in our study, and twenty-two HIV-1 seronegative donors were recruited as the control. The levels of HLA-DR on Tregs were determined by FACSAria flow cytometer. Results Compared to HIV-1 seronegative donors, the levels of HLA-DR on CD4＋CD25＋CD127lo/- Tregs were significantly increased in HIV-1 infected patients, and its increase was positively associated with viral loads （r=0.3163, P=-0.004） and negatively with CD4 T-cell counts （r=-0.4153, P 〈0.0001）. In addition, significant associations between HLA-DR expression on CD4＋CD25＋CD127lo/- Tregs and the percentages of HLA-DR, CD38, Ki67 expressing CD4＋ and CD8＋ T cells were also identified. Conclusion HLA-DR on Tregs is a good marker for viral replication and disease progression. The over-activation of Tregs might result in the decrease of Tregs.