中文摘要：

利用平行板理论和张量理论，建立了裂缝性低渗透储集层的各向异性等效连续介质模型和考虑启动压力梯度的单井渗流模型。研究了天然裂缝表征参数对储集层渗透率和压力分布的影响。结果表明，天然裂缝的开度和密度对储集层平均渗透率和各向异性程度影响较大；压力分布及压力波及范围与裂缝发育方向有关；平行裂缝方向与垂直裂缝方向的流动存在干扰，裂缝越发育，垂直方向的波及范围越小；认清裂缝方向，采取合理的注采井网和井距排距是提高裂缝性低渗透油藏波及效率和开发效果的关键。

英文摘要：

The anisotropy model with equivalent/continuous medium and the single-well percolation model considering starting pressure gradient in fractured low-permeability reservoirs are developed by means of the parallel-plane and tensor theories. The effects of natural fractures characterization parameters on the reservoir permeability and pressure distribution are studied by these models. The results show that fracture aperture and density have big effects on average reservoir permeability and anisotropy; the pressure distribution and scope are related to the fracture azimuth; the flow interferences exist between the parallel fracture plane direction and the vertical fracture plane direction. The better the fractures development is, the shorter the pressure affect in the vertical direction. Clear understanding of fracture azimuth and the appropriate well patterns and/or well spaces are the key to enhance the conformance or development efficiency of fractured low-permeability reservoirs.