中文摘要：

为了解温室环境下杀菌剂苯醚甲环唑对土壤微生物生态环境的影响,在温室大棚中研究了0.5,2.5,5.0mg/kg 3个浓度苯醚甲环唑对土壤微生物数量和土壤酶的毒性效应。结果表明,温室环境中苯醚甲环唑对土壤细菌和放线菌数量影响较小,仅2.5,5.0mg/kg苯醚甲环唑对土壤细菌和放线菌数量有短暂的抑制或刺激作用,苯醚甲环唑对土壤真菌数量表现为显著的抑制作用,且持续较长,呈现出毒害效应;苯醚甲环唑对温室土壤中性磷酸酶活性表现出低浓度刺激、高浓度抑制的作用,对土壤脲酶活性表现出强烈的抑制作用,对蔗糖酶活性表现出刺激作用,对土壤纤维素酶活性表现出刺激-抑制-恢复对照水平的效应。随着时间的延长,4种土壤酶活性逐渐恢复,到第28d时都趋于对照组水平。该研究结果可为棚室环境下苯醚甲环唑对土壤微生物的安全性评价及科学使用提供科学依据。

英文摘要：

The toxic effects of difenoconazole（0.5,2.5,5.0mg/kg）on soil microbial population and enzyme activities were determined in greenhouse environment.The results showed that difenoconazole had less effect on soil bacteria and actinomyces except for 2.5mg/kg and 5.0mg/kg difenoconazole had a shortly inhibition or stimulation on the populations of bacteria and actinomyces.However,the populations of fungi were significantly decreased under the stress of all concentrations of difenoconazole during the whole exposure period.The effects of difenoconazole on soil neutral phosphatase,urease,invertase and cellulase were different and the results were as follows：low concentration of difenoconazole had stimulating effects on soil neutral phasphatase activity and high concentration of difenoconazole had inhibitory effect.Soil urease activity was significantly inhibited and soil invertase activity was significantly stimulated compared to the controls by the all concentrations of difenoconazole.The effects of stimulation-inhibition-recovery were observed in cellulase activity of soil treated with difenoconazole.With the extension of time,the activities of four soil enzymes were all restored to the control levers on the 28 th day.The results of this study provided scientific basis for soil microbial safety evaluation and reasonable use of difenoconazole in greenhouse conditions.