中文摘要：

核电厂低水平放射性废水的排放是放射性核素进入和污染环境的重要来源。本文以目前商用核电厂的主要堆型为例,详细阐述了压水堆核电厂放射性废液的来源、水质特征、核素种类和含量等。选取我国大亚湾核电厂和岭澳核电厂,具体分析其放射性废水的来源、废水量、核素组成和其他无机、有机污染物的特征。鉴于放射性核素的特殊毒害作用,需要加强对放射性废水的长期、细致的监测,并进行高效处理,以保障公众和生态环境的安全。

英文摘要：

The discharge of low level radioactive waste water（ LLRW） generated from nuclear power plants（NPP） is one important path for radioactive nuclide entering and polluting environment. At present,the pressurized water reactor（PWR） is mostly widely used among commercial NPPs. Taking PWR as an example,the sources and water quality of LLRW,the compositions and contents of nuclides of LLRW were analyzed. Using the data of Daya Bay NPP and Ling＇Ao NPP,the sources,quantity,nuclide composition and other pollutants（inorganic and organic） of the LLRW were carefully investigated. To guarantee the safety of public health and environment,long-term and careful survey on LLRW in NPP is necessary due to the special toxicity of radioactive wastewater.