中文摘要：

结合某医院环境影响评价，通过对非密封放射性工作场所评价时常出现的核素操作方式、工作场所布局、放射性废水衰变池及辐射安全与防护等方面展开讨论与分析，提出相关建议：1）在核医学科建立适宜的质量管理体系是确保核素使用安全的重要手段；2）比较开放源工作场所分级评价方法的利弊及场所布局对辐射防护的影响；3）指出放射性废水衰变池在设计使用中的缺陷和不足，建议采用槽式排放，降低排放风险；4）强化工作人员辐射防护与安全意识。

英文摘要：

Due to the serious hazard of internal radiation of Nuclear Medicine Department of a hospital, it is important to focus on the assessment on unsealed radioactive sources in the working environment. This paper aims to analyze the problems in the assessment, and then propose some practical suggestions. They are： to establish suitable quality management system in Nuclear Medicine Department in order to ensure the safety in the use of radionuclide ; to compare the pros and cons of classification evaluation method for open workplaces, and the impact of location layout on radiation protection effect; in light of the flaw and insufficiency of radioactive waste decay pool in the design and application, to apply tank discharge to reduce the risk of emissions; and to strengthen personnel＇s awareness on radiation protection and safety.