中文摘要：

为研究大庆油田脱水原油中的微生物群落结构、单菌及其降解原油的活性,系统分析了大庆油田脱水原油中的微生物分布及细胞活性.结果表明,大庆油田脱水原油中存在活体微生物细胞,进一步筛选到一个具有乳化分散活性的微生物群落,群落结构分析证明群落中的微生物种类和比例随着培养时间延长不断变化.从原油培养体系中分离纯化到166株细菌,活性测试结果表明,具有分散或乳化活性的菌株比例占测试菌株总数的13.1%.研究结果表明,大庆油田油藏中存在对原油具有降解乳化分散活性的微生物群落,恶劣的地层环境和营养的缺乏导致群落密度较小,但降解原油的活性菌株比例较高.

英文摘要：

This study analyzed the microbial community structure, microorganisms and the oil-degrading activities in the dehydrated crude oil from Daqing Oilfield. The results showed the existence of many microbial cells in the dehydrated crude oil, and screened a microbial community with oil-emulsifying and oil-dispersing activity. Community analysis showed that the types and rations of the microorganisms in the community changed with incubation time. All together 166 bacteria were isolated and purified from the crude oil culture system, up to 13.1% of the tested strains having oil-dispersing or oil-emulsifying activities. The results showed that there are microbial communities with oil emulsifying and oil dispersing activities in Daqing oil reservoir, that the harsh conditions and the lack of nutrition leads to smaller community density, and that the oil degrading strains occupy a high proportion. Fig 4, Tab 2, Ref 11