中文摘要：

机车处于轮轨黏着极限状态运行时,轮轨黏着饱和及负斜率特性使得驱动轮对出现复杂的动力学现象。为了研究机车驱动装置受到轮轨动态激励的响应,首先研究黏着极限状态轮轨的黏滑特点及其引起轮对的动力学问题,然后建立机车的多体动力学模型,仿真驱动装置各结构部件的振动及其振动主频率,得出避免机车驱动装置结构发生共振的参数匹配原则。结果表明：机车处于黏着极限状态运行时,轮轨间黏滑状态会产生驱动轮对的纵向振动和驱动装置的自激振动等典型动态特征;驱动装置自激振动会激发基于结构固有频率的振动,且各结构振动会相互影响。因此,需合理选取牵引电机吊挂关节的刚度,避免基于电机点头振动固有频率及各结构部件固有频率的振动。特别是,若牵引电机转子旋转、轮对扭转振动和轮对纵向振动的固有频率一致,将引起驱动装置结构产生共振。

英文摘要：

The saturation and negative slope characteristics of wheel-rail adhesion cause complex dynamic phenomena to occur with the driving wheel set of the locomotive running in the state of wheel-rail adhesion limit.In order to study the dynamic responses of the driving system to dynamic wheel-rail excitation,the stick-slip characteristics of the state of adhesion limit between wheel and rail and the resultant dynamic problems of the wheel set are studied,the multi-body dynamic model of the locomotive is established to simulate vibrations of the components of the driving system and their main frequencies,and the structure parameters matching principles of the driving system are summarized to avoid resonance.The results show as follows：When the locomotive runs in saturated wheel-rail adhesion,the wheel-rail stick-slip state causes longitudinal vibration to the driving wheel set and self-excited vibration to the driving gear;self-excited vibrations of the driving gear frequency of parts excite vibration based on the natural frequency of the structure and also interactions among components.Therefore,it needs to select the motor hanging rubber stiffness reasonably to avoid resonances of the structure of the driving gear.Special attention should be paid to the situation when the nod frequency of the motor is close to the natural frequencies of the torsional and longitudinal vibrations of wheel set and the rotation vibrations of the rotor.