中文摘要：

本文从农村人口空心化的定义与内涵出发，选取流出人口比重、城镇化率、0～14岁少儿人口比重和65岁以上老年人口比重四个指标，采用综合测评法从县域尺度对中国l995个县（市、旗）的农村人口空心化程度进行测度，运用核密度估计、ESDA—GIS等方法对其时空分异特征及其原因进行分析。研究表明2000年、2010年中国农村人口空心化指数均值分别为14．22、23．45，呈现时间上的动态大幅上升趋势，高值区主要为胡焕庸线以东区域以及黑-蒙北部，低值区集中于胡焕庸线附近、滇-藏南部以及川西地区；2000～2010年1892个县（市、旗）农村人口空心化出现不同程度的恶化，103个县（市、旗）农村人口空心化有所改善。中国农村人口空心化程度呈现西-东、南-北加剧的空间格局，南北向农村人口空心化程度差异大干东西向。2000年、2010年中国农村人口空心化程度全局Moran’s1分别为0．6152、0．6165，存在全局空间强自相关特征，空间集聚趋势有所加强，区域差异正逐步拉大。高-高型集聚区域从沿海地区向内陆川渝地区、皖豫交接区域扩展，北部高-高型集聚趋缓，不同聚类区域农村人口空心化程度内部异质性有所加强。地方政府应从当地实际出发，在就业扶持、信贷支持、宅基地使用、社会保障及教育医疗等方面多管齐下，破解农村人口空心化困局。

英文摘要：

Under the definition and implication of rural population hollowing, four indexes were introduced to conduct a comprehensive measure for the degree of rural population hollowing with the data of 1995 coun- ties in China. The index system included the outflow population proportion, urbanization rate, as well as the ratio of children aged within 14 years old and the old above 65. By the method of Kernel Density Estimation and ESDA-GIS, the spatial-temporal variation characteristics and its causes were examined. The results were shown as follows： the average rate of rural population hollowing in 2000 and 2010 were 14.22 and 23.45 respectively, showing a sharp upward trend in the time. The high-value regions were mainly found in the eastern of Hu Line and the northern part of Hei-Meng Line, while the low-value were around Hu Line, the southern part of Dian-Zang Line as well as the west of Sichuan province. During the year of 2000 and 2010, hollowing situations in 1892 counties were deteriorated while improvement was seen in other 103 counties. The degree of rural population hollowing was intensified from west to east, which was the same as the south to north. But it was noted that the disparity within the latter was far more than that of the former. Moran＇ s I, which indicates the rural hollowing degree, was 0.6152 and 0.6165 in year 2000 and 2010 re- spectively, showing the rural population hollowing was highly global spatial auto-correlated. Spatial agglom- eration trend was reinforced and regional disparity was enlarged. High-high-value agglomerations extended in from coastal areas to Sichuan-Chongqing area and the border of Aihui-Henan area. The aggregation trend was slowed down in north high-high-value region, but the internal heterogeneity in different agglom- erations of rural hollowing degree was strengthened. So the local government should, taking the reality into consideration, introduce several policies in the employment support, credit support, homestead use, social security and education and medical c