中文摘要：

原模型阻力相似是开展河工模型试验的基本要求,模型试验的糙率复核受目标值、波动幅值、模型材质及研究重点等多因素的影响,选用合理的加糙手段可大幅提升试验效率和精度。为解决现阶段河工模型试验中存在的加糙方法种类繁多、技术条件复杂、难以快速选择适宜加糙方法的问题,对国内外常用的加糙方法进行了归纳总结,将加糙方法划分为点块型加糙、条带型加糙和膜片型加糙三种方法。介绍了每种方法常用的加糙体,详细说明了各加糙方法的实现手段、优点、不足以及糙率值的可调整范围。草垫为代表的膜片型加糙可实现的糙率峰值达0108以上,梅花十字板加糙可实现的糙率峰值约0106,条带型加糙可实现的糙率峰值约为0104,粘贴尼龙网、玻璃膜以及密实加糙可实现的糙率峰值约为0102,刨坑加糙方法基本不能提高模型表面糙率。给出了相应的适用条件、加糙范围及对水流结构的影响,以及部分糙率计算方法,以期研究者可根据试验目的快速准确地选取适宜的加糙方法,提高研究效率。

英文摘要：

Resistance similarity is an essential requir ement in river model exper iments.Roughness recheck is affected by the target value,fluctuation amplitude,model material,and resea rch emphasis.A reasonable roughening method will substantially improve the experiment efficiency and accuracy.In order to help resear chers quickly choose a reasonable roug hening way from thevarious ex isting methods,we sorted and reviewed the commonly used roughening methods,which were classified into thr eetypes:block-type roughening,strip type roughening,and patch-type roug hening.We intr oduced the commonly used roug heningelements of each method and described in detail the realization means,advantages,draw backs,and adjustable roughness range of each method.The patch-type roug hening methods r epr esented by plastic grass cushions can achieve a roug hness v alue lar gerthan0.08.The block-type roug hening methods represented by cross plates in the form of plum blossom can obtain a peakroug hness value of abo ut0.06.The peak roug hness v alue of striptype roughening methods is0.04.Sticking nylonnets or glassfilm and compact r oughening can generally realize a roughness v alue no lar ger than0.02.Digging pits on the model can har dlyincr ease its sur face ro ug hness.In additio n,this paper presents the methodsc application conditio ns,roug hening ranges,and influence on flow structure,and some roughness calculation methods.It is hoped that with this paper,researchers can determineroug hening methods quickly and exactly according to their experiment goals,and improve their research efficiency.