中文摘要：

污染物在巨厚包气带中的最大入渗量、运移时间及过程,对于地下水污染防治与监测具有重要意义。而包气带水分、溶质模拟可以提供水分的最大入渗量及入渗时间,是将包气带-饱和带结合起来实现对污染物运移全过程刻画的基础。本文以我国半干旱黄土塬巨厚包气带地区为试验点（厚度达80m）,进行了野外包气带取样和包气带水分、溶质模拟。结果表明在上边界近饱和情况下水分入渗量可达10m/a,经过1.59年污染物可进入饱和带。该数值可作为地下水模拟预测的基础。建议今后地下水环境影响评价中应重视包气带的采样与模拟以确定污染物入渗量及入渗时间。

英文摘要：

The maximum infiltration amounts,the migration time and processes of contaminants are important parameters for groundwater pollution control and monitoring.The simulation of vadose zone moisture and solutes can provide valuable information on the maximum infiltration rate and time,and is the basis to achieve the whole process of solutes transport when combing the vadose zone and saturated zone together.In this paper,a loess plain with deep vadose zone（80m）is chosen to study the related issues.A 62-m vadose zone is sampled at intervals of 25 cm.Under a near saturated condition for the upper boundary,the soil moisture and solute transportation are simulated.The results show the infiltration rate can reach 10 m/year.After 1.59 years,the contaminant can reach water table.This value can be used as the basis of groundwater modeling for prediction.It is suggested that the vadose zone sampling and simulation should be paid more attention in the groundwater environmental impact assessment.