中文摘要：

于玉米成熟期选择健壮茎秆的基部第三节间为材料,采用徒手切片法、冰冻切片法、石蜡切片法、薄切片法等4种方法,比较不同方法的玉米茎秆组织结构切片质量,为研究玉米茎秆结构与其倒伏的关系奠定技术基础。结果表明：徒手切片法是获得成熟玉米秆组织结构切片较为方便、快速的方法,切片面积较大,适合大范围观察统计;冰冻切片法是获得成熟玉米秆组织结构较快的方法,切片面积较小,适合小范围观察;薄切片是获得高质量成熟玉米秆组织结构切片的最好方法,但切片面积太小,适合高倍数显微观察和小范围电镜扫描观察组织结构;石蜡切片不适合作为成熟玉米秆的组织切片方法。研究认为,徒手切片法是最适合成熟玉米秆组织结构观察研究的制片方法。

英文摘要：

The maize stalk of the third internode in the maturity stage is used as the research material. The research uses four ways, such as free-hand sectioning,frozen sectioning, paraffin sectioning, thin sectioning and compares the quality of the slice of different methods. This research lays the technical foundation for studying the relationship between the structure of maize stalks and lodging. The results show that freehand sectioning method for getting the structure slice of mature maize stalks is a relatively convenient and rapid method,and the area of slice is relatively big. The slice is suitable for a wide range of observation and statistics. Frozen sectioning is a fast way to get the slice of mature maize stalks, and the area of slice is relatively small and the slice is suitable for a small range of observation. Thin sectioning is a good way to get perfect slice. It fits for high multiple microscope observation and small range of SEM observation to observe tissue structures, but the slice area is too small. Paraffin sectioning is not suitable for getting the structure slice of mature maize stalks. The research suggests that free-hand sectioning method is the most suitable way for observation and study of the structure of mature maize stalks.