中文摘要：

为了给小麦遗传转化研究提供参考,总结和分析了小麦基因转化的最新研究进展,并针对存在的主要问题提出了今后的研究方向。目前在小麦表达载体构建中普遍采用Ubi和在35S基础上改造而来的启动子序列,使用的报告基因主要有gus、uidA、gfp和Cl/LC等,选择基因主要有bar、nptII、manA（pmi）、Cah、gst27、mopat、popat、CP4和GOX,筛选剂一般选用Bialaphos、Glufosinate、G418和Glyphosate等。小麦基因转化的主要受体为幼胚及其愈伤组织,转化方法主要有花粉管通道法、基因枪法和农杆菌介导法。受体类型、表达载体序列组成和基因转化方法是影响小麦基因转化效率的主要因素。

英文摘要：

This paper reviewed the latest progresses in genetic transformation of common wheat. Ubi and derived sequences from 35S were used as the main promoters, and gus, uidA, gfp and Cl/LC were used as the major report genes, and bar, nptII, manA（prni）, Cab, gst27, rnopat, popat, CP4 and GOX were used as the major selection genes, while bialaphos, glufosinate, G418 and glyphosate were used as selection agents in transformation of common wheat. Immature embryo and its callus were the main recipients, the major transformation methods were pollen-tuble path way microprojectile and Agro-bacteriam mediated transformation expression vectors and transformation methods, are the major factors transformation efficiency of common wheat.