超高强度钢在提高汽车车身碰撞安全性和轻量化方面具有十分显著的优势,在汽车制造领域的应用也不断增多。超高强度钢板热冲压成形作为一种蓬勃发展的新技术,存在技术封锁和垄断。介绍了热冲压成形技术的研究进展,包括热冲压成形所用原材料的成分,微量硼元素的添加及其作用,典型热冲压成形工艺路线,热成形工艺控制的三要素,典型热成形钢制件在热成形前后的组织、性能及其相变特性,尤其是变强度热成形件的制造工艺技术和创新思路。探讨了各种变强度热成形工艺技术的创新点、优势及存在的问题。指出热成形技术是未来汽车轻量化发展的方向。
In improving the safety and lightweight of car body impact,ultra-high strength steel( UHSS) has obvious advantages and is continuously applied in the field of automotive manufacturing. As an emerging technology,hot stamping of ultra-high strength steel sheet has technical blockade and monopoly. Research progress of hot stamping technology, including the chemical composition of hot stamping steel,the addition of micro-alloy element boron and its role,typical hot forming procedures, three key factors in hot stamping procedure, comparisons of microstructure,performance and transformation characteristics of typical hot stamping steels before and after hot forming,especially in varying strength hot stamping part manufacturing,is introduced.The advantages and problems of innovation tailored strength hot stamping technology are discussed. It is pointed out that the hot stamping technology will be the direction of the future development.