中文摘要：

杂色鲍野生群体和养殖群体分别自交和杂交产生野生鲍自繁F1代（WW）、养殖鲍自繁子代（CC）、正交子一代（W旱×C♂，简称WC）和反交子一代（C♀×W♂，简称CW）4个群体，采用RAPD分析4个群体遗传特性。就多态位点比例、Nei基因多样性值和Shannon信息指数而言，WW群体比CC群体高；杂交群体WC的值分别为88．76％、0．3246和0．4811，比其余群体都要高，与群体WW最接近；另一杂交子代群体CW除多态位点比例比群体CC高外，其余参数均为最低。群体间的遗传距离分析表明，WW与各群体的遗传距离都较大，其中与CC群体的遗传距离最大，为0．0849，与两个杂交群体间的遗传距离分别为0．0772（CW）和0．0671（WC）；CC群体与两个杂交群体间的遗传距离都较小，分别为0．0610（与CW）和0．0597（与WC）；杂交子代间的遗传距离为0．0600；杂交群体WC与WW的遗传距离大于与CC的遗传距离，CW与WW的遗传距离也大于与CC间的遗传距离，两个杂交群体与亲本的遗传距离不对等，偏向养殖亲本。

英文摘要：

Genetic differences of the first generation from inbreeding and crosses of wild and cultured abalone, Haliotis diversicolor Reeve were analyzed with the random amplified polymorphic DNA （RAPD） technique. The four populations included WW （wild ♀ × wild ♂ ）, CC （cultured ♀ ×cuhured ♂ ）, the direct crossing population CW （cultured ♀×wild ♂ ） and the reverse crossing population WC （wild♀ × cultured ♂ ）. The ratio of polymorphic loci, Nei＇s gene diversity and Shannon＇s Information index of WC were 88.76 %, 0. 324 6 and 0. 481 1, respectively, all of the values being the highest among the four populations. Besides, the three indexes of WW were higher than those of CC. In another crossing population CW, all the indexes were the lowest except that the ratio of polymorphic loci was higher than that of CC. Analy-sis of genetic distance showed that the highest genetic distance （0. 084 9） appeared between WW and CC. The genetic distance was 0. 077 2 between WW and CW, and 0. 067 1 between WW and WC. The genetic distances between CC and both crossing populations were relatively low, viz. 0. 061 0 （between CC and CW） and 0. 059 7 （between CC and WC）. The genetic distance between the two crossing populations was 0. 060 0. The results showed that the genetic distances between CC and anyone of the two crossing populations were higher than those between WW and anyone of the two crossing populations, indicating that the genetic distances were not equal between the hybrids and the two parents, but more similar to cultured population