中文摘要：

利用野外试验资料，比较分析了夏季祁连山区草原和河西走廊张掖戈壁地表能量特征，并探讨了环境因素与地表能量特征的关系。结果表明，在夏季典型晴天，山区草原的净辐射、潜热通量大于戈壁，而感热、土壤热通量小于戈壁；山区草原净辐射、潜热通量的日变化大于戈壁；而感热、土壤热通量的日变化小于戈壁。在山区草原，晴天潜热通量是土壤热通量的三倍多，感热通量与土壤热通量差异很小，净辐射主要用于蒸发、蒸腾；在戈壁，晴天土壤热通量和感热通量是潜热通量的近两倍，净辐射主要用于加热地表，并通过地表加热下层土壤和地面大气。两地均存在能量不平衡现象，草原感热、潜热、土壤热通量之和小于净辐射，戈壁感热、潜热、土壤热通量之和大于净辐射，戈壁能量不平衡大于草原。导致山区草原和戈壁地表净辐射特征差异的主要因素是太阳辐射，导致山区草原和戈壁地表能量分量特征差异的主要因素是陆面植被和水分，根本因素是陆面水分。

英文摘要：

Using field observation data, the characteristics of surface energy in summer in grassland of Qilian mountain and Zhangye Gobi of Hexi corridor were analyzed, as well as the relations between environment factors and characteristics of surface energy were discussed. The results indicated that RN and LE flux in grassland is higher than that in Gobi, and Hs and soil heat flux in Gobi is summer. In grassland LE is three times as large as Hs and higher than that in grassland on a typical clear day in soil heat flux. In Gobi Hs and soil heat flux is twice as large as LE. The surface energy is not balance in grassland and Gobi. In grassland the sum of LE, Hs and soil heat flux is smaller than RN. In Gobi the sum of LE, Hs and soil heat flux is bigger than RN. The difference between RN and sum of LE, Hs and soil heat flux on a cloudy day is bigger than that on a clear day as well as it in Gobi is bigger than that in grassland. Main environment factor that influences the difference of RN in grassland and Gobi is sun＇s radiation. Main environment factors that influence the difference of LE, Hs and soil heat flux in grassland and Gobi are surface vegetation and water.