中文摘要：

文章从收入分配公平的基尼系数出发,构建区域水资源公平的评估方法。将全国分为四个组：全国、东部、中部和西部地区,计算其基尼系数和比较贡献率,作为判断不公平因素的基础。结果表明,基尼系数具有明显的区域特征,全国地区和西部地区基尼系数处于＂比较合理＂的范围,但是已经靠近＂警戒线＂,东部地区和中部地区处于＂相对平均＂的范围,东中西部组别与全国组别中的东中西部地区的不公平因子也存在差异。为缩小区域差异的水消耗,国家应加大中西部地区的涉水事务投资,缩小内部和与东部地区的差距。

英文摘要：

According to the concept of Gini coefficient,an index for estimating equity of the income distribution,a method for evaluating fairness of water use is established. The country will be divided into 4 categories in overall and region of east,middle and west,the Gini coefficient can be calculated respectively,and the compare contribution rate is suggested as the basis for judging the unfair factors. The results shows that it exits obvious regional characteristics in Gini coefficient. The Gini coefficient of the region of overall and west are in the range of＂compared reasonable＂,but has been close to the＂guard line＂,while the region of east and middle are in the range of ＂relative equality＂,and the unfair factors of the three regional categories are different from the three regions in the overall. In order to shorten the difference of regional water use,government should increase the investment of affairs for relating to water use to narrow internal gap and the gap between three regions.