中文摘要：

为了验证山核桃（Carya cathayensis Sarg.）外果皮化感活性及分离、纯化、结构解析主要化感活性物质。以种子发芽率和发芽势为种子萌发参数,胚根、胚芽长度和鲜重变化为幼苗生长参数,通过研究山核桃外果皮水提取物对双子叶植物莴苣、萝卜、黄瓜和单子叶植物洋葱、水稻、小麦种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响;比较了山核桃外果皮水提取物及经X-5大孔树脂分离获得的11个洗脱组分对莴苣种子萌发与幼苗生长影响的强弱;结合超高效液相色谱、核磁共振、气相-质谱联用检测与分析方法。研究结果表明,山核桃外果皮水提取物存在化感活性。11个洗脱组分中6∶4、5∶5、4∶6、3∶7存在较强化感效应,其中4∶6组分化感效应最强。从化感活性最强的4∶6洗脱组分中分离纯化与结构解析出了主要成分：4,8-二羟基-1-四氢萘酮。

英文摘要：

This project aims to verify the allelopathic activity of Carya cathayensis Sarg and isolate,purify and analyze the allelopathic active substances structurally.Using germination rate and germination potentiality as seed germination parameters,radicle,plumule elongation and fresh weight change of seedling as seedling growth parameters,it studied the effects of water extract of C.cathayensis exocarp on dicotyledons such as lettuce,radish,cucumber,and monocotyledon such as onion,rice and wheat;it compared the allelopathic intensities of water extract and 11 elution components which were separated by X-5 macroporous resins from water extract of C.cathayensis exocarp;the strongest allelopathic fraction of C.cathayensis exocarp was analyzed by UPLC,NMR,GC-MS techniques and biological activity track experiment.It could be seen from the evidence of inhibiting seed germination and seedling growth of the tested plants that allelopathic properties of the water extract of C.cathayensis exocarp existed;The allelochemicals of C.cathayensis exocarp extract obviously existed in 6∶4,5∶5,4∶6and 3∶7elution fractions which can be proved by the data of bioassay;the strongest allelopathy frcation of C.cathayensis exocarp extract was the 4∶6elution fraction;An effective allelochemical has been successfully separated,which was identified as 4,8-dihydroxy-1-tetralone.