中文摘要：

MicroRNA（miRNA）是一类由内源基因编码的长度约为21nt的非编码单链RNA分子,在各种生物学过程中具有转录后水平调控基因表达的重要作用。本文从miRNA调控昆虫抗菌肽的表达、调控昆虫抗病毒免疫反应、调控昆虫与共生菌的免疫反应及调控昆虫作为病原体媒介引起的免疫反应等方面,就miRNAs在昆虫免疫防御方面的研究进展作一综述。

英文摘要：

MicroRNA（ miRNA） are a class of endogenous genes encoding a length of about 21 nt non-coding single-stranded RNA molecules that play an important role in the regulation of gene expression at the post-transcriptional level in various biological processes. This paper summarizes progress in research on the role of mi RNAs in the regulation of insect immune defense, including their role in regulating gene expression of insect antimicrobial peptides, regulation of insect antiviral immune response, regulating the immune response of insect and endosymbiotic bacteria, and regulation the insect immune response to pathogens, etc.