为实现掘锚机组在特厚顶煤巷道的安全快速掘进,采用理论计算和数值模拟手段研究了掘进速度对巷道周围应力场、位移场的影响;基于掘锚机组的结构特征,提出顶板和帮部锚杆空间不成排的支护体系;通过改进支护材料、优化操作工序的手段,整体提升了掘进速度。研究结果表明:提高掘进速度,巷道前方支承压力峰值位置向掘进工作面靠近,峰值应力增大,产生的侧向应力区范围和周围煤岩体破坏区的位移都相应减小;不成排的支护体系一定程度减少了顶、帮应力场的叠加,但实现了帮部及时支护。掘锚机施工期间,日均进尺增加到14 m/d,同时降低工人劳动强度,为特厚煤层快速成巷的应用提供了良好的借鉴。
In order to realize the rapid excavation of bolter miner in ultra-thick top coal roadway,theoretical calculation and numerical simulation are used to research the stress,displacement under different driving speeds. Based on the structural characteristics of the bolter miner,the support system of the roof and sidewall bolt not in a row is presented; by improving the supporting materials,optimizing the operation process,the driving speed has been improved. The research results show that the position of the peak support pressure in front of the roadway is close to the head,the peak stress increases,and the range of the lateral stress zone and the displacement of the surrounding coal and rock mass area are correspondingly reduced.The supporting system reduces the overlap of the roof and the sidewall stress in a certain extent,but achieves the timely support of the sidewall. When the bolter miner was used,the average daily footage increased to 14m/d,while the labour intensity of workers reduced,which could provide a good reference for the application of rapid excavation in ultrathick coal seam.