中文摘要：

月球＂质量瘤＂是指具有等轴状、高幅值重力异常的撞击盆地区域,重力异常是高密度月幔物质隆起与月海玄武岩充填共同作用的结果。研究这种高密度物质异常成因、来源、空间展布特征以及＂质量瘤＂盆地的深部结构,可以推测其形成与演化历史。利用嫦娥一号激光测高数据与LP165P月球重力场模型计算获得月球布格重力异常,采用新的垂直圆柱体重力异常计算公式,模拟月海充填玄武岩与月幔隆起,使其模拟计算的重力异常与测量的相对布格重力异常相吻合。计算结果表明,月球正面月海区域＂质量瘤＂盆地充填的玄武岩较高地区域的厚,在典型＂质量瘤＂盆地的布格重力异常中,月幔隆起是主要因素。计算还发现雨海与澄海下部月壳厚度比正面其他盆地的厚,而且澄海区域的地形表现为中心突起,下部月幔呈一定凹形,推测由于风暴洋区克里普岩的存在使得该区域月壳内部温度高,物质流动性增强,演化后期月壳物质横向压力均衡调整导致月壳物质向盆地中心回流,使得盆地下部月壳增厚,月幔凹陷,盆地地表出现一定程度的抬升。

英文摘要：

The lunar mascons are the impact basins with equiaxed and high gravity anomaly,which were re-sulted from the uplift of the highly dense mantle and the lava filling.The formation and evolution of these mascon basins can be understood by researching the origin,source,space distribution of high dense mate-rial and the deep structure of mascon basins.First,the global Bouguer gravity anomaly of lunar was ac-quired by the lunar gravity model LP165Pand the topography model CLTM-s01derived from CE-1satellite laser altimetry measurements,and then the uplift of basalt bodies and the dense mantle was modeled by vertical cylinder method,which can make the calculating gravity anomaly of model fitting close to the relative Bouguer gravity anomaly.The calculations show that the mascon basins in the nearside of lunar have a thicker crust than that in the farside.However,of all the mascon basins,the uplift of the dense mantle is the main factor for the high Bouguer gravity anomaly.The lunar crust thickness will be decreased if the mare basalt bodies are neglected in the calculating of the lunar crust thickness.In addition,the crust be-neath the Serenitatis and Imbrium are thicker than that of other basins,and the mantle plug is concave and the terrain of the Serenitatis heaves to a certain extent,resulting from the KREEP in Oceanus Procellarum which make the temperature of crust increased,and enhanced the flowability of crust.In the latter part of the evolution,because of the isostasy of lunar crust,material flow back to thicken the lunar crust,uplift the terrain and the mantle plugs settle down in the middle of mascon basins.