中文摘要：

目的 了解北京市房山区35~59岁居民缺血性心血管病（ICVD）危险因素暴露及分层情况，评估未来10年该人群ICVD事件的发病风险，为ICVD的防治工作提供科学依据。方法 于2012年4—5月采用分层等比例抽样方法在北京市房山区抽取2 357名35~59岁居民进行问卷调查、体格检查和实验室检测，采用“国人缺血性心血管病10年发病危险度评估方法”简易模型评估该人群未来10年发生ICVD的绝对危险度及平均危险度。结果 北京市房山区35~59岁居民高血压、糖尿病、血脂异常、超重或肥胖、吸烟等危险因素的暴露率分别为41.3%、14.7%、52.0%、69.6%、29.5%；居民未来10年ICVD发病绝对危险分级中极低危、低危、中危、高危的检出率分别为84.8%、11.2%、3.4%、0.6%，不同性别、年龄居民未来10年ICVD发病绝对危险度分级差异均有统计学意义（均P〈0.001）；房山区35~59岁居民未来10年ICVD发病平均危险度均高于评估方法的参考值，其中男性居民未来10年ICVD的发病平均危险度为（3.02±2.88），高于女性居民的（2.44±3.59），差异有统计学意义（t=4.31，P〈0.001）。结论 北京市房山区35~59岁居民ICVD发病的危险因素暴露水平较高，未来10年ICVD发生风险较大，应积极控制吸烟、体重、高血脂异常、高血压、糖尿病等危险因素，做好ICVD的预防工作。

英文摘要：

Objective To examine the status of exposure to risk factors of ischemic cardiovascular disease （ICVD） and to assess the risk of ICVD prevalence in the next 10 years among 35 to 59 year old residents in Fangshan district of Beijing for providing evidences for the prevention and treatment of ICVD.Methods An ICVD-related questionnaire survey,physical examination,and laboratory test were conducted among 2 357 residents of 35 to 59 years old selected with stratified proportion to size sampling in Fangshan district of Beijing between April and May,2012.Absolute and average risk of ICVD among the residents were assessed with Assessment Method for Ischemic Cardiovascular Disease within Next 10 Years among Chinese Population.Results The prevalence rates of hypertension,diabetes,dyslipidemia were 41.3%,14.7%,and 52.0%;69.6% of the residents were overweight or obesity and 29.5% were smokers.The estimated proportions of the residents with low-,moderate-,high-,and extreme high-risk of ICVD during next 10-year were 84.8%,11.2%,3.4%,and 0.6%,respectively,with significant gender- and age-differences in the proportions （P〈0.001 for all）.The estimated average risk of ICVD during next 10-year was higher than the reference value given by the national assessment,with significant higher average risk among the male residents than among the female residents （3.02±2.88 vs.2.44±3.59,t=4.31;P〈0.001）.Conclusion The level of exposure to risk factors of ICVD is high and the risk of ICVD prevalence during next 10-year is also high among 35-59 years old residents in Fangshan district of Beijing,suggesting smoking,overweight or obesity,dyslipidemia,hypertension,and diabetes should be effectively controlled to reduce the risk.