中文摘要：

目的：研究人体服用中药复方麻黄汤后尿中的挥发性成分。方法：尿样经5mol·L^-1氢氧化钾溶液碱化后，用乙酸乙酯萃取。采用GC—MS对人体口服麻黄汤前后的尿液进行分析。色谱条件：色谱柱为DB-SMS毛细管柱（30m×250μm，0．25μm），载气为He（1mL·min^-1），无分流进样，进样量1μL。起始温度50℃（5min）3℃·min^-1→125℃（10min）5℃·min^-1→250℃（10min）。用该方法测定健康志愿者单次口服麻黄汤后尿液中的挥发性成分。结桌：在服药后的人体尿液样品中共检测到40个成分，其中12个成分在空白尿液中没有检测到，鉴定了其中的8个成分。结论：给药尿液与空白尿液相比，在空白尿液中没有检测到的成分可能来源于麻黄汤，其中的麻黄类生物碱等成分与麻黄汤的药效相关。

英文摘要：

Objective：To identify the volatile components in human urine after oral administration of Mahuang decoction. Methods：The urine in healthy volunteers was alkalized with 5 mol · L^-1 potassium hydroxide solution and extracted with ethyl acetate. The extracts were analyzed by GC -MS. Capillary column DB -5MS（30 m ×250μm, 0. 25 μm）was used. Helium was used as carrier gas（ 1 mL · min^-1 ）. 1 μL volume was injected（splitless）. The GC oven temperature program was as follows ：50℃（5min）3℃·min^-1→125℃（10min）5℃·min^-1→250℃（10min）. Results ：40 components were detected in the Mahuang decoction -treated human urine. Among them 12 components were not detected in the corresponding control and 8 components were identified. Conclusion：The 12 detected components which not found in the blank urine might be the original form and metabolites of Mahuang decoction. Some of them such as ephedrine alkaloids are effective components of Mahuang decoction.