中文摘要：

建立具有空间属性的历史时期土地覆被数据集有助于更好地模拟土地覆被变化的气候与生态效应。根据我国历史时期土地开发利用的特点，深入分析了影响我国历史时期土地开发利用的主导因子，量化了海拔高度、坡度、人口分布等自然及人文要素与耕地分布的关系，并以此为依据设计了一套将我国传统农区历史耕地数据网格化的方法与算法模型，计算各网格（分辨率为60km×60km）耕地面积占整个农区耕地总面积的比重、以及各网格的耕地面积与垦殖率：同时利用基于《嘉庆重修一统志》重建的中国传统农区历史耕地资料。采用上述方法与算法建立了研究区内1820年（清嘉庆二十五年）60km×60km空间尺度的耕地数据集，并绘制了分布图。重建结果与册载府级田亩数据的比较分析表明：该方法与算法可以有效地将以行政区域为统计单元的中国历史耕地数据量化为具有统一且更高空间分辨率的网格化数据集。

英文摘要：

Recent studies have demonstrated the importance of LUCC change with climate and ecosystem simulation, but the result could only be determined precisely if a high-resolution underlying land cover map is used. While the efforts based on satellites have provided a good baseline for present land cover, what the next advancement in the research about LUCC change required is the development of reconstruction of historical LUCC change, especially spatially-explicit historical dataset. Being different from other similar studies, this study is based on the analysis of historical land use patterns in the traditional cultivated region of China. Taking no account of the less important factors, slope and population patterns were selected as the major drivers of reclamation in ancient China, and were used to design the Chinese Historical Cropland Data Gridding Model （at a 60 km×60 km resolution）, which is an empirical model for allocating the historical cropland inventory data spatially to grid cells in each political unit. Then we use this model to reconstruct the cropland distribution of the study area in 1820, and test the result by prefectural cropland data of 1820, which is from the historical documents. The statistical analyzing result shows that the model can simulate the patterns of the historical cropland＇s distribution in the traditional cultivated region efficiently.