中文摘要：

采用组织学方法研究皖东黄牛颈部、背部和腹部皮肤的组织结构特点。显微观察结果显示，皖东黄牛皮肤由浅至深分为表皮、真皮和皮下组织三部分，其中颈部皮肤最厚、背部次之、腹部最薄；颈部和腹部皮肤真皮内胶原纤维分布不均匀，背部皮肤真皮内胶原纤维分布均匀、规律。皮肤表皮由内向外分为基底层、棘层、颗粒层和角质层四层，其中颈部皮肤表皮最厚，腹部其次，背部最薄。皮肤皮下组织腹部皮肤最为明显，颈部次之，背部皮下组织不明显。此外，皖东黄牛皮肤真皮内可见有皮脂腺、汗腺、毛根、毛囊、毛球、血管和神经等结构分布，其中背部皮肤内汗腺和皮脂腺较发达，腹部皮肤皮脂腺发达而汗腺不发达，颈部皮肤皮脂腺和汗腺均不发达。结果表明，皖东黄牛皮肤由表皮、真皮和皮下组织三部分组成；身体各部位皮肤厚度和组织结构存在差异，其中背部皮肤组织结构最适合皮革鞣制。

英文摘要：

The purpose of this experiment was to illustrate the skin structure characteristics of neck,back and ab-dominal of Wandong Cattle in the histology method. The results showed that the skin of Wandong Cattle was con-tained in three parts（epidermis,dermis and subcutaneous tissue from outside - in,respectively）. During these three positions,the skin of neck was the thickest and the skin of abdominal was the thinnest. Unlike the back derma,the distribution of collagenous fiber was in disorder in the neck and abdominal derma. Epidermis was di-vided into four layers from outside - in：lamina basalis,stratum spinosum,stratum granulosum and granular lay-er,respectively. Neck epidermis was the thickest among three positions. We found obviously subcutaneous tissue in abdominal and neck,however,it was hard to observe in back. Additionally,there were sebaceous glands, sweat glands,hair roots and hair follicle,ball top,muscle,blood vessels and nerves structures in the Wandong Cattle dermis. While sebaceous glands were enriched in back and abdominal,sweat glands were only largely ex-isted in back. In conclusion,the skin of the Wandong Cattle includes epidermis,dermis and subcutaneous tissue and the micro - structure of skin has the position - specific. From above all,the back skin of Wangdong Cattle is the most suitable for the leather tanning.