中文摘要：

当前,中国已成为世界上最大的矿产资源开发利用国家之一。矿产资源开发利用在有效支撑我国经济社会快速发展的同时,也给生态环境带来了巨大破坏。如何规避矿产资源开发利用导致的环境影响,是我国生态文明建设要重点突破的问题。本文采用面板数据模型,从产业结构、技术进步和政府管理三个维度展开理论分析与实证检验,考察了中国矿产资源开发利用的环境影响。结果显示,中国矿产资源开发利用的环境影响存在滞后效应,前期的环境污染对当期的环境影响作用明显;对于不同种类的矿产资源,能源矿产开发利用的环境影响最大,金属矿产次之,非金属矿产的影响相对较低。同时,在矿产资源开发利用形成环境影响的过程中,产业结构是造成环境污染的重要原因,而技术进步在控制环境污染中具有积极的效果。就政府管理而言,东部地区的政府管理对环境污染具有较强的抑制作用,而在中西部地区效果则并不明显。在省域层面制定和实施针对性的资源、环境、产业、技术和政府管理政策,需要重点关注以下方面：一是必须以地域空间的环境承载能力、环境自净能力为依据,政策选择和过程实施要具有长期性和针对性;二是促进煤炭等能源资源开采、转化与终端消费等环节的清洁化,构建现代能源产业体系;三是在矿产资源开发利用中,要进一步挖掘技术潜力,加强技术创新;四是要激励各个地区在矿产资源开发利用与环境规制中保持积极态度,防治资源寻租和环境寻租。

英文摘要：

China has become one of the largest countries in exploitation and utilization of mineral resources in the world. The development and utilization of mineral resources has effectively supported China＇ s rapid economic and social development, but at the same time, it also has brought great damages to the ecological environment. How to avoid the environmental impact caused by the development and utilization of mineral resources is an important problem for China in the current construction of ecological civilization. Adopting the panel data model, from three dimensions--industrial division of labor, technological progress, and the government management, this paper theoretically and empirically analyzed the overall impacts and regional differences of environmental impacts caused by the development and utilization of mineral resources in China. The result showed that, the lag effect of environmental impacts existed in China＇ s development and utilization of mineral resources, and the previous environmental impacts on the current environment were obvious. For different kinds of mineral resources, environmental impacts of energy minerals took the first place, metallic mineral was the second, and the impacts of non-metallic mineral were relatively low. Meanwhile, in the process of the development and utilization of mineral resources, the national and regional data both showed that the industrial division was the most important reason for the environmental pollution, while the technological process had a positive effect on the control of environmental pollution. In the aspect of government management, the eastern region has a strong inhibitory effect on environmental pollution. While in the central and western regions, it has no obvious effect on controlling environmental pollution. In different provinces, formulating and implementing targeted policies of resources, environment, industry, technology and government management, would provide power to effectively improve natural environment. Therefore, we need to pay atten