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降雨过程中香溪河流域非点源氮素入库特征研究

ISSN号：1003-6504
期刊名称：环境科学与技术
时间：2013.1.15
页码：175-181
分类：X524[环境科学与工程—环境工程]
作者机构：[1]三峡大学水利与环境学院,湖北宜昌443002, [2]三峡库区生态环境教育部工程研究中心,三峡大学,湖北宜昌443002, [3]华北水利水电学院,河南郑州450011
相关基金：国家自然科学基金面上项目（51179095）,国家自然科学基金杰出青年基金（50925932）,国家自然科学基金青年基金（51009080、51009081）; “十一五”国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项（2009ZX07104-001、2009ZX07104-004）; “十一五”国家科技支撑（2008BAB29B09）; 三峡大学研究生科研创新基金（2011CX009）
相关项目：三峡水库典型支流分层异重流背景下水华生消机理研究

关键词：三峡水库, 香溪河, 非点源, 氮素, 数字滤波法, Three Gorges Reservoir, Xiangxi River, non-point source, nitrogen, digital filter

中文摘要：

在香溪河流域主要支流开展了典型降雨事件过程中的水质水量同步监测,采用数字滤波法得到的基流指数分割了次降雨中的直接径流和基流,并用流量加权平均法估算了基流和直接径流中的氮素浓度,估算了降雨径流过程中点源和非点源氮素的入库（香溪河库湾）变化特征。结果表明：氮素浓度与流量的动态变化趋势基本一致,在降雨初期径流冲刷效应使浓度升高,在流量峰值到达的同时出现浓度最大值,之后随流量的减小而减小,并逐步趋于稳定;各形态氮素直接径流的浓度均大于基流,输出负荷以非点源为主,所占比例均达到70%以上,负荷贡献率表现为：TN〉DTN〉NO3--N〉NH4＋-N,TN的输出以DTN为主,DTN的输出以NO3--N为主;氮素输出负荷与径流量存在显著的相关性,TN、DTN、NO3--N、NH4＋-N输出负荷与径流量的相关系数R值分别为0.93、0.95、0.98、0.88。有效控制农业非点源氮素输出是防治香溪河流域水体富营养化的关键。

英文摘要：

Water flow capacity and its quality were monitored synchronously at chief tributaries of Xiangxi River in Three Gorges Reservoir during typical raining.Surface flow and baseflow of rains were divided by use of baseflow index resulted from digital filter method.Mean nitrogen concentrations of direct surface flow and baseflow were estimated with weighted average method,and variation of nitrogen output from point source and non-point source during rains was analyzed.It indicated that the flow rate showed the same variation tendency of nitrogen concentration,the concentration rose at the beginning raining root in initial ground surface flushing and peak occurred at the same time as the flow peaks,then decreased with flow and finally kept in steady state.Various species of nitrogen concentrations all showed direct surface flow higher than baseflow.Non-point source pollution is the dominant output load,with load ratio all over 70%,and the contribution rate of load ranked from high to low as TN,DTN,NO3--N,NH4＋-N,TN output mainly by DTN,DTN mainly by NO3--N.Runoff volume has prominent correlation with nitrogen output load,TN,DTN,NO3--N,NH4＋-N correlation of load and flow are 0.93,095,0.98,0.88.The effective control of agricultural non-point source is the key to combat eutrophication in Xiangxi Basin.

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