中文摘要：

自2001年12月连续逐周在贵阳观风山附近对近地面空气^210Pb-^7Be浓度和沉降量的观测表明：区域性降水和气温制约近地面空气^210Pb具高浓度＂U＂型年分布;降水量和平流层向下输送影响近地面空气7Be月均浓度的季节性变化;^210Pb/^7Be月均浓度比率受控于210Pb变化和富^7Be气团下沉的影响。观风山与瓦里关山之间因纬度和海拔的关系,7Be比率急剧震荡,显示出海洋性贫^7Be气团入侵对观风山地区的明显影响。2002—2008年间贵阳观风山近地面空气^210Pb的年均浓度（2.8±0.6）mBq/m^3,约为全球若干站点中最高平均浓度值的4倍;而7Be的年均浓度（4.8±0.6）mBq/m^3,与全球高海拔站点长期观测的平均值相当,大约为北半球中纬度对流层顶部附近7Be浓度值（18.0mBq/m^3）的1/3.8,显示出低纬度、较高海拔地区的预期水平。2003年,瓦里关山和观风山近地面空气7Be的年均浓度比为3.8,与预期的大气输送和混合作用基本一致。^7Be月均浓度的增大趋势反映出受太阳黑子数减少的变化关系,其影响底线大约为4mBq/m^3;7Be年均浓度波动的增大趋势反映出受太阳黑子数降低的可能影响。贵阳观风山降水中^7Be和^210Pb的体积加权浓度分别为0.72Bq/L和0.27Bq/L;年沉降通量分别为0.080Bq/（cm^2.a）和0.031Bq/（cm^2.a）。数值模拟显示出全球空气^210Pb高浓度区和高沉降通量环带分布,印证了洱海和红枫湖沉积物^7Be和137Cs蓄积的模拟结果。

英文摘要：

The weekly successive measurements of 210Pb and 7Be concentrations in surface air and depositional fluxes at Mt.Guanfeng/Guiyang since December of 2001 indicate that high 210Pb concentration is constrained by regional rainfall and air temperature,and shows U-pattern distribution;The seasonal variation of 7Be monthly mean concentration is influenced by the amount of precipitation and downward stratospheric current;The ratio of 210Pb and 7Be monthly mean concentrations is determined by ^210Pb variation and down flow of rich-7Be air mass.The ratio of 7Be concentration at Mt.Guanfeng/Guiyang and Mt.Waliguan fluctuates rapidly because of their latitudes and elevation,indicating an obvious influence of oceanic poor-7Be air mass invasion on Mt.Guanfeng.Annual mean concentration of 210Pb at Mt.Guanfeng/Guiyang during 2002-2008 is about 2.8-0.6 mBq/m^3,nearly 4 times of the average concentration of the highest concentrations of the global observations;4.8-0.6 mBq/m^3 for 7Be,which is equivalent to the average concentration of the highest concentrations of the global observations and 1/3.8 times of the ^7Be activity（18.0 mBq/m^3）on the top of the troposphere at middle latitude of northern hemisphere;it is anticipated in the low latitude and high elevation area.In 2003,the ratio of annual mean 7Be concentration was 3.8 at both Mt.Waliguan and Mt.Guanfeng,which is consistent with the anticipated consequence of atmospheric transportation and mixture.The increasing trend of 7Be monthly mean concentration relates to the decrease of sunspot number and the baseline of the influence for ^7Be is about 4 mBq/m^3;The increasing trend of 7Be annual mean concentration could also be influenced by sunspot number decrease.Volume-weighted concentrations of 7Be and ^210Pb in rainfall at Mt.Guanfeng/Guiyang are 0.72 Bq/L and 0.27 Bq/L,respectively;their annual depositional fluxes are 0.080 Bq/（cm^·a）and 0.031 Bq/（cm^2·a）,respectively.The numerical simulation shows global zonal distribution of ^210Pb with mosaic areas of high ai