中文摘要：

应用多元分析中的主分量分析及聚类分析方法对分布在乌鲁木齐南部山区森林生态系统中岩面生地衣群落进行数量分类并对群落结构物种多样性、相似性和均匀度等群落参数进行了比较系统的研究。结果表明,乌鲁木齐南部山区的岩面生地衣共计49种,隶属于4目13科23属,岩面生地衣形成3种群落：（1）湿润石生地衣群落（Hygro-lichen community）定名为疣微孢衣Acarospora verruculosa＋粉盘平茶渍A.alphaplaca＋斑纹网衣Lecidea tessellata群落;（2）干燥石生地衣群落（Xero-lichen community）定名为多形茶渍Lecanora polytropa＋破小网衣Lecideacarpathica群落;（3）高山石生地衣群落（Alpino-lichen community）定名为不等瓶口衣Verrucaria iaequalis＋皮果衣Dermatocarpon miniatum群落。同时发现在乌鲁木齐南部山区森林生态系统中岩面生地衣群落的分布与海拔高度和基物的种类有密切的关系,不同海拔的不同类型的森林生态系统中分布着不同种类的岩面生地衣。

英文摘要：

Community structure and species diversity of the saxicolous lichens in forest ecosystem of mountainous area of southern Urumqi were analyzed using the principal component analysis （PCA） and cluster analysis methods. Forty-nine saxicolous lichen species belonging to 23 genera in 13 families of 4 orders were found in this ecosystem. According to the results of multivariate analysis and universal characteristics of habitat, the saxicolous lichen community in this forest ecosystem can be classified into three types： （1） Hygro-lichen community： Acarospora verruculosa ＋ A, alphaplaca ＋ Lecidea tessellata; （2） Xero-lichen community： Lecanora polytropa ＋ Lecidea earpathica; （3） Alpino-lichen community： Verrucaria iaequalis ＋ Dermatoearpon miniatum. The community 1 has highest species diversity （1.875） and community 3 has the lowest （1.147）. Altitude and substrate types were important environmental factors influencing the structural patterns of saxicolous lichen community in this area.