中文摘要：

研究了十二烷基硫酸钠（SDS）、十二烷基苯磺酸钠（SDBS）、皂苷（saponin）、月桂醇聚氧乙烯（23）醚（Brij35）、Triton X-100五种表面活性剂对中度柴油污染土壤的清洗效果,考察柴油和土壤混合后在不同时间段的挥发特点,认为污染时长会直接影响表面活性剂清洗修复的效果,增大清洗剂浓度可以提高对新污染土壤的洗脱率,但对老化污染土壤的效果并不明显;对不同含油量的污染土壤清洗,研究污染程度对洗脱率变化的影响,当达到一定含油量后洗脱效果产生突变。不同表面活性剂在相同CMC倍数下清洗能力存在差异,其顺序为SDS〉SDBS〉Triton X-100〉皂苷〉Brij35。

英文摘要：

The effectiveness of five kinds of surfactants,such as SDS,SDBS,saponin,Brij35,Triton X-100,on washing middle level diesel oil contaminated soil was studied. By investigating volatilization of diesel oil after being mixed with soil,it was found that the mix-time affected the elution percentage. It is effective to raise the concentration of surfactants when washing the new contaminated soil,but not the old. The result shows that the oil-content affects the elution percentage,too.When the oil-content reaches a point,the elution percentage raises suddenly. Under the concentration of the same multiples of CMC washing,different kinds of surfactants rank as SDS SDBS Triton X-100 saponin Brij35.