中文摘要：

本文首先回顾了自近代开埠以来至20世纪20年代列强在中国航运业发展的历程，重点分析了20世纪20年代英日两国的航运网络：1．从航线的覆盖范围看，日本与上海以北的港口联系更为紧密，英国则与上海以南的港口更密切，在长江一线，英日两国虽都深入长江上游的重庆，但英国在长江挂靠的港口数量更多，日本集中在长三角发展内河航运，英国则在珠三角的内河航运上具有垄断地位。2．英国是以上海和香港为双中心的航运网络结构，日本则形成了以上海为单中心的航运网络结构。从三大航线看，两国的轮船公司都覆盖了最主要的港口，但在航线的内部结构中存在错位竞争的现象，英国航运网络中排名前十的航线大部分集中在上海以南的南洋航线，日本则集中在上海以北的北洋航线和日本内部航线。3．英日两国在华航运网络的结构和特征与地理因素、制度安排等有较大关系，两国的轮船公司都依托殖民地或势力范围拓展航路，日本通过“命令航线”对轮船公司的航线进行资助和统一安排，英国则通过轮船公司之间的协调进行分工和配合。从甲午战争之后，至20世纪20年代末，经过20多年的发展，英日航运网络之间形成了既正面争夺又错位发展的格局。

英文摘要：

This paper reviews the development of the great powers＇ shipping industry in China since 1920s, and focuses on the shipping network of Britain and Japan in the year of 1920s, research shows：1 ） On the coverage of routes, Japan more closely linked with the ports north of Shanghai, while Britain closely linked with the ports south of Shanghai; in the Yangtze River, both Britain and Japan are deep into Chongqing the upper of Yangtze River, but British anchored more ports; British had a monopoly position in the inland waters of the Pearl River Delta, while Japan focused on the development of inland river shipping in Yangtze River Delta. 2） Britain has formed a double center shipping network structure based on Shanghai and Hongkong, while Japan has formed a one center shipping network structure based on Shanghai; From the three major routes, the shipping companies of two countries covered the main ports, but there was dislocation competition in internal structure, the top ten routes in British shipping network most concentrated in the Nanyang routes south of Shanghai, while Japan concentrated Northern routes north of Shanghai and Japanese internal routes. 3 ） The structure and characteristics of the Britain and Japan shipping network in China has a great relationship with geographical factors and institutional arrangement, relying on the colonial forces power to expand the scope of their routes, Japan supported and arranged the shipping companies through the ＂command line＂ route, Britain coordinated shipping companies through the division of labor and cooperation. Since the Sino Japanese War, the British and Japanese shipping network has formed a positive and dislocation development pattern with more than 20 - year development, at the end of 1920s.