中文摘要：

脉冲激光测距精度是影响二维激光扫描成像质量的重要因素，研究近距离条件下收发同轴系统中的脉冲激光测距技术对提高二维激光扫描成像质量具有重要意义。通过仿真计算分析了脉冲激光测距的精度与回波能量的关系，提出了二维激光扫描成像光学系统的基本设计方案。在室内距离下，提出了在收发同轴光学系统中，到达探测器的激光回波能量相对于距离的非线性关系，计算并得到了激光回波能量相对于距离的非线性关系曲线。最后，基于实测数据对激光回波能量与距离的非线性关系进行实验验证，分析该非线性关系对激光测距精度的影响。论文的研究对设计、完善近距离条件下激光测距光学系统具有重要价值。

英文摘要：

The precision of pulse laser ranging is the key factor of two-dimensional laser scanning imaging. It is very important to develop pulse laser ranging technology of sending and receiving coaxial optical system in indoor instance to improve the capability of two-dimensional laser scanning imaging. Relationship between the precision of pulse laser ranging and the laser echo energy was analyzed by simulation. The basic design scheme of optical system of the two-dimensional scanning imaging were proposed. In indoor instance, the nonlinear relationship between the laser echo energy and range of sending and receiving coaxial optical system was calculated and the nonlinear curve between the laser echo energy and range was delineated. Finally, the nonlinear relationship was verified by the actual test data and the effect of the nonlinear relationship on the precision of pulse laser ranging was analyzed. The study of thesis has important value in the design of system of laser ranging and the conclusion can be applied to perfect the design of optical system of pulse laser ranging in indoor instance.