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中文摘要：
针对残余应力、组织成分对再制造堆焊层质量的影响，运用仿激光焊技术，采用H13CrMoA焊丝，在变速箱主动轴上整周堆焊不同厚度的焊层，用X射线残余应力分析仪测试堆焊层表面的残余应力，电解抛光堆焊层，分析堆焊层的应力梯度和界面应力，通过X射线能谱仪（EDS）分析堆焊层界面处成分分布，用扫描电镜（SEM）观测其组织形貌，结果表明：堆焊层表面峰值应力为拉应力，且随厚度的增加变化不大；沿垂直于单条焊缝中心线至轴心线方向所测的应力存在一定应力梯度，A0和A1界面处残余拉应力较大，A2界面处为较小残余拉应力；堆焊层界面处组织成分分布较均匀。
英文摘要：
According to residual stress and component of organization work on clad layer, the dif- ferent thicknessess welded surfacing layers were prepared on the axles of transmission with H13CrMoA weld wire by means of laser--pro welding technology. The residual stress of the surfacing layers was tested by XRD,the stress gradient and interracial stress of the surfacing layers were meas- ured by electropolishing and XRD, the composition distribution was tested by EDS between overlaying welding and matrix,and the microstructure of the area of interface was analyzed by SEM. The results testify that the peak residual of the surfacing layers is tensile stress, but there is little variation with increase of thickness;the stress gradient of vertical single weld center line to axle center is in exist- ence. The tensile stress of A0 and A1 interface is larger, but A2 is lesser. The component of organization is more uniform between overlaying welding and matrix.
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