中文摘要：

目的：比较新型农村合作医疗和农村互助医疗2种医疗保障制度在缓解卫生服务利用人群“因病致贫、因病返贫”方面的效果。方法：资料来源于2005年11月对陕西省镇安县高峰镇和铁厂镇的入户调查数据和样本人群医疗服务利用报表数据，贫困测量指标选用贫困发生率、贫困距指数、收入差距比率、森的贫困指数、补偿资金的使用效率和供给率。结果：农村互助医疗制度缓解卫生服务利用人群“因病致贫”的效果好于新型农村合作医疗制度。建议：新型农村合作医疗制度取消门诊个人账户，对住院和门诊服务利用均进行一定程度的补偿。

英文摘要：

Objective Comparing the effect of alleviating the poverty due to illness of peasants which are brought by New Rural Cooperative Medical System （NCMS） and Rural Mutual Health Care （RMHC） . Methods The datum which are used in the study came from follow-up survey which was carried into execution in Gaofeng town and Tiechang town, Zhen＇ an county in November 2005 and report forms of medical service utilization of sample. The methods for measuring poverty are head count ratio, poverty-gap index, income-gap ratio, poverty index of Sen, utilization efficiency and supply efficiency of insurance premium. Results The effect of alleviating the poverty due to illness of peasants which is brought by RMHC is better than brought by NCMS. Suggestion Outpatient individual accounts should be canceled and Outpatients should be compensated together with inpatients in NCMS.