中文摘要：

目的探讨松弛素受体1（RXFP1）在石英尘致矽肺中的潜在作用。方法无特定病原体级雄性Wistar大鼠64只随机分为对照组和染尘组。采用非暴露式气管内一次性灌注法,染尘组予气管内灌入质量浓度为500 g/L德国标准石英混悬液0.1 m L,对照组予气管内灌入0.9%氯化钠溶液0.1 m L。2组大鼠分别在染毒第1、7、14和28天各处死8只,以苏木精-伊红染色观察大鼠肺组织的病理学变化,分别用实时荧光定量聚合酶链反应法和免疫组织化学法分析大鼠肺组织中Rxfp1 mRNA和RXFP1蛋白的表达。结果染尘第28天,染尘组大鼠双肺肉眼可见灰白色结节,光镜下可观察到肺泡间隔断裂,局部可见明显的矽结节。染尘组大鼠肺组织Rxfp1 mRNA相对表达水平于染尘第1天升高至对照组的145%（P〈0.01）,于第7和14天下降至与对照组接近水平（P〉0.05）,于第28天下降至对照组的45%（P〈0.01）。染尘组大鼠肺组织中RXFP1蛋白相对表达水平从染毒第7天开始高于对照组（P〈0.01）,第28天达到最高水平（P〈0.01）。结论 RXFP1可能在抑制矽肺发病过程中发挥重要作用。

英文摘要：

Objective To investigate the potential effect of relaxin family peptide receptor 1（ RXFP1） in the process of silica-induced silicosis. Methods Sixty-four specific pathogen free male Wistar rats were randomly divided into control group and experimental group. By one time intratracheal infusion,rats in experimental group were treated with 0. 1 m L 500 g / L silica dust suspension while the control group was treated with 0. 1 m L sodium chloride physiological solution. Eight rats from each group were sacrificed on day 1,7,14 and 28 after exposure. Histopathologic changes of the lung tissue were performed with hematoxylin-eosin staining. The expressions of Rxfp1 mRNA and RXFP1 protein in rat lungs were detected by real-time polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemical staining,respectively. Results After 28 days of exposure,the grey nodules were observed by naked eye in the lung of the experimental group. The fracture and silicotic nodules could be seen in alveolar interval with light microscope. Compared with the control group,the Rxfp1 mRNA relative expression level in the lungs of experimental group was increased to 145% after 1 day of exposure（ P〈0. 01）,followed by a decrease on day 7 and 14 and reached similar level of control group（ P〉0. 05）. By day 28,it dropped to45% of control group（ P〈0. 01）. The RXFP1 protein relative expression in experimental group was significantly up-regulated since the 7th day compared to that of the control group（ P〈0. 01）. And it reached to the highest level on the28 th day（ P〈0. 01）. Conclusion The RXFP1 might play an important role in inhibiting silicosis.