中文摘要：

我国有关高速铁路动力学问题的研究已基本采用耦合动力学方法，而不再是传统的孤立系统动力学分析方法。为方便相关领域科研人员熟悉各种耦合动力学模型以解决高速铁路运营中的实际问题及指导施工，首先从轮轨动力、轨道模型、车辆模型及路基参振四个方面回顾了车辆-轨道-路基垂向耦合模型的发展历史，从模型实际应用及模型与有限元软件结合和试验验证两个方面介绍了车辆-轨道-路基垂向耦合模型的发展现状，总结了车辆-轨道-路基垂向耦合模型的发展趋势，通过归纳整理，指出有限元软件中纳入车辆系统、建立创新的“两半车”模型将是车辆．轨道．路基垂向耦合模型新的发展方向。

英文摘要：

The research on the dynamic response of high-speed railway in our country has already been studied by the method of coupling dynamics, and no longer the traditional method of independent system dynamics. Aiming at providing reference for related scholars to have a good grasp of various coupling dynamics models to solve existing practical problems and efficiently guide the construction of high-speed railway, this paper reviewed the development history of the vehicle-traek-subgrade model of vertical coupled systems, including the wheel/ rail dynamic interaction, the improvement of track model and vehicle model and the participation of subgrade in vibration. The state of the art of the vehicle-track-subgrade model of vertical coupled systems, including the practical application and the combination with finite element software and test technique, was introduced. It is pointed out that modeling of vehicle system in finite element software and development of innovative ＂two-halves vehicle＂ model will be the trends of the vehicle-track-subgrade model of vertical coupled system.