中文摘要：

长江江豚仅生活于长江中下游干流及洞庭湖、鄱阳湖,现存量不足1 000头,营群居生活,以鱼为食,依赖水下声探测和声通讯进行生存、繁衍,对水体空间、水文条件、鱼类资源、水下声环境等有特殊要求。长江中下游频繁实施的航道整治工程,在一定程度上改变了某些江段局部水文条件,对鱼类资源及分布造成不利影响;航行船舶数量和密度增加,改变了水下声环境,对江豚觅食、集群等造成不利影响;部分支汊水深变浅、面积减小,甚至季节性断流,导致长江江豚庇护所消失。采取综合性的措施恢复长江鱼类资源;推进以长江江豚为主体的综合环境保护措施;重建长江江豚自然栖息地和易地新建长江江豚自然种群等,可在一定程度上缓解航道整治工程对长江江豚的不利影响。

英文摘要：

The Yangtze finless porpoises （Neophocaena asiaeorientalis asiaeorientalis） , with a population of less than 1000 individuals, live only in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, and its adjacent Dongting and Poyang Lakes. As the porpoises live in groups, feed on fishes, and depend on underwater acoustical detection and communication for survival and reproduction, they have particular needs in water dimensional, hydrologic conditions, fish resources, and underwater acoustic environment. To a certain degree, the frequently conducted waterway adjustment activities in the middle and lower reaches of the river caused changes of local hydrologic conditions in certain river sections which resulted in negative effects on fish resources and distribution of fish resources there. The increasing density and quantity of ships in the river, caused changes of underwater acoustic environment, resulting in negative effects on grouping and foraging behaviors of the porpoises. The decrease in water depth and width of some side branches and even seasonal occurrence of drying up led to the vanishing of porpoises＇ refuges. In order to mitigate the impact of waterway adjustment activities on the population and habitats of the porpoise, some measures are proposed： recovering the fish resources in Yangtze River by taking comprehensive measures; enforcing integrated environmental protection measures targeted at porpoise protection; rebuilding natural habitats in Yangtze River for the porpoise, and establishing new ex-situ natural populations.