中文摘要：

针对一致渗漏供水管网,提出了一致点式渗漏模型,使单点渗漏与整个管网的渗漏水平协调。在同一渗漏水平下,比较了不同渗漏模型和不同压力指数下,管网水力状态的变化。分析表明：节点水压对渗漏模型没有管线流量和渗漏流量那么敏感;渗漏模型中的压力指数对管网水力状态的影响不大。两类渗漏模型对直接连通水源的管线渗漏非常敏感;当直接连通水源的管线渗漏时,管网渗漏将集中到这几根管线上,与管网一致渗漏假定不符。在模拟管网一致渗漏时,需要先排除直接连通水源的管线的渗漏。

英文摘要：

In order to simulate the water supply network with uniform leakage, a coordination emitter leakage model was presented to coordinate every emitter loss with the leakage level of entire network. At the same leakage level, the hydraulic performances change of a large water supply network were compared for different leakage models and pressure exponents. The results show that the node pressures are not sensitive to leakage models as the pipe flows and pipe leakage flows. The hydraulic performance is not significantly affected by the pressure exponents in leakag model. Two kinds of leakage models are very sensitive to the pipes directly connected to water sources. If these pipes leak as other pipes of the network, the most part of loss is concentrated in these pipes. It is in consistant with the assumption of uniform leakage of the pipe network. Therefore, it is necessary to eliminate the leakage of the pipes directly connected with sources when we simulate the uniform leakage of a water supply network.