中文摘要：

本文以无水氯化铝、无水氯化镁、无水乙醇为原料，二氯甲烷为溶剂．采用非水解溶胶-凝胶法制备出干凝胶前驱体。加入纺丝助剂聚乙烯吡咯烷酮（PvP）制成纺丝液，采用多喷头静电纺丝法制备镁铝尖晶石／PVP前驱体纤维．最后经煅烧制成纳米镁铝尖晶石纤维，利用DTA—TG、XRD、FTIR和SEM表征了镁铝尖晶石纤维的形成过程。结果表明，经500℃煅烧后，纤维中有机物基本排除，但此时纤维为无定形态。经700℃煅烧纤维出现镁铝尖晶石相，而经900℃煅烧所得纤维中镁铝尖晶石发育更加完全，纤维表面光滑．直径细小．分布在100nm-300nm范围。

英文摘要：

In this study, anhydrous magnesium chloride, were used as raw materials, and methylene？chloride anhydrous aluminum chloride and anhydrous？ethanol was used as solvent to prepare the dry gel by nonhydrolytic sol-gel method. Electrospinning precursor solution was prepared by adding spinning aid（PVP）. Magnesium aluminate spinel/PVP precursor fibers were prepared by multiple nozzles electrospinning method. Continuous porous magnesium aluminate spinel fibers were prepared via calcinating the precursor fibers. The phase compositions of the MgA1204 spinel nanofibers were investigated by DTA/TG, XRD, FTIR and SEM. The result showed that the organics in fibers run out after calcination at 500℃, while the fibers almost kept amorphous state. The MgA1204 spinel crystal further formed after calcination at 700℃. The fibers obtained after calcination at 900℃ developed completely, and the fiber surface was smooth, whose diameter distributed in the range of 100 nm to 300 nm.