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对虾养殖前期5种类型水体中细菌的组成和比较研究

ISSN号：1672-5174
期刊名称：《中国海洋大学学报：自然科学版》
时间：0
分类：S917.1[农业科学—水产科学]
作者机构：[1]中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所盐碱池渔业工程技术研究中心,上海200090, [2]天津市水产养殖病害防治中心,天津300221
相关基金：基金项目：国家级公益性科研院所基础科研基金项目（2007203）;国家公益性行业专项（200903001）资助

作者：周凯[1], 来琦芳[1], 罗璋[2], 王慧[1], 么宗利[1], 徐赟霞[2], 应成琦[1]

关键词：养虾水体, 养殖前期, 细菌组成, 细菌数量, shrimp-feeding water prophase feed components of bacteria amount of bacteria

中文摘要：

本文对天津和河北沧州地区的5种类型养虾水体（淡水、盐碱地水、浅层盐碱水、海水、高盐海水）养殖前期的细菌数量及组成进行比较研究。结果为：（1）5种水体中异养细菌、弧菌、氨化细菌、反硝化细菌、硫酸还原菌数量差异明显，异养细菌总数高低的顺序为：海水〉高盐海水〉浅层盐碱水〉盐碱地水〉淡水；弧菌总数：高盐海水〉海水〉浅层盐碱水〉盐碱地水〉淡水；氨化细菌总数：海水〉浅层盐碱水〉盐碱地水〉淡水〉高盐海水；反硝化细菌总数：盐碱地水〉淡水〉海水〉浅层盐碱水〉高盐海水；硫酸还原菌总数：浅层盐碱水一淡水〉海水〉盐碱地水〉高盐海水。（2）不同水体中细菌种类及相对数量存在差异，淡水中气单胞菌属、邻单胞菌属、肠杆菌科为主要菌群，分别占总数的21．34％，18．57％，17．14％；盐碱地水中产碱菌属、弧菌属、肠杆菌科、棒杆菌属为主要菌群，分别占总数的29．27％，19．51％，14．63％，14．63％；浅层盐碱水中弧菌属、气单胞菌属为主要菌群，分别占总数的23．08％，15．38％；海水中弧菌属、肠杆菌科为主要菌群，分别占总数的19．35％，16．13％；高盐海水中弧菌属、假单胞菌属为主要菌群，分别占总数的38．71％，12．90％。研究表明，养殖前期，5种类型养虾群体中的细菌组成结构存在明显差异。

英文摘要：

The components of bacteria in five different shrimp-feeding water including fresh water,saline-alkaline water,marine water,high salinity marine water and earth-seeping water were investigated in Tianjin and Cangzhou district of Hebei province.The results showed that there was an obvious difference in bacteria amount among the five types of shrimp-feeding water in terms of nutrition-depending bacteria,vibrion,ammonifying bacteria,denitrifying bacteria and sulfate-reducing bacteria.The amount of nutrition-depending bacteria was as follows：marine waterhigh salinity marine waterearth-seeping water saline-alkaline waterfresh water.The amount of Vibrio was high salinity marine water marine waterearth-seeping watersaline-alkaline waterfresh water.The amount of ammonifying bacteria was marine waterearth-seeping watersaline-alkaline waterfresh waterhigh salinity marine water.The amount of denitrifying bacteria was earth-seeping water=fresh watermarine watersaline-alkaline waterhigh salinity marine water.On the other hand,Aeromonas,Plesiomonas,Enterobacteriaceae were the mainly species in the fresh water,and the ratio of them was 21.34%,18.57%and 17.14% respectively;Alcaligenes,Vibrio,Enterobacteriacea and Corynebacteriumwere the mainly species in saline-alkaline water,the ratio of them was 29.27%,19.51%,14.63% and 14.63% respectively;Vibrio？？ Aeromonas were the mainly species in the earth-seeping water,the ratio of them was 23.08% and 15.38% respectively;Vibrio and Enterobacteriacea were the mainly species in marine water,the ratio of them was 19.35%,16.13%respectively;Vibrio and Pseudomonas were the mainly species in the high salinity marine water,the ratio of them was 38.71% and 12.90% respectively.