中文摘要：

中性脂肪主要指三酰甘油（triacylglycerol，TAG），是动植物细胞贮脂的主要形式。TAG约占人体脂类的95％，它的合成与动员是能量平衡调节的主要环节，而这一调节的失衡是诱发肥胖，产生高血压、心脏病及皮下脂肪丢失等疾病的主要原因。油脂代谢受到油脂基因所编码的脂肪相关调节酶的直接调控，中性脂肪代谢过程有高度的真核系统保守性。磷脂酸磷酸酶（phosphatidate phosphatase，PAP）也称脂素，相关基因剧剧（酿酒酵母）、EPIN1、LPIN2、LPIN3（哺乳动物）是研究人员近年确定的一类中性脂肪代谢调控的关键基因。相关的研究为进一步了解脂肪代谢有关疾病提供了一个重要线索，并且可能为研发控制脂肪代谢的新药提供新靶点。就近年PAP的相关研究主要成果进行概述。

英文摘要：

Neutral fat mainly means triglyeride （TAG）, which is a principal component of fat storage in animal and plant cells. Nearly 95 percent of fat is TAG in human. Its biosynthesis and mobilization are very important in the regulation of energy balance. When the balance is broken, it will induce hypertension, cardiopathy, subcutaneous fat loss and other related diseases in human. The fat-regulatory enzymes, which are encoded by fat mass and obesity associated gene, directly regulate the lipid metabolism. The metabolism process of neutral fat is highly conserved in eukaryon. Phosphatidate phosphatase （PAP） is called as lipin. Recently, its related genes PAH1 （in Saccharomyces cerevisiae）, LPIN1, LPIN2, LPIN3 （in mammalian） are confirmed to be the key ones in regulation of neutral fat metabolism. These studies give us a clue for further revealing and knowing the diseases relevant to fat metabolism, and also provide us some new targets for research and development of new drugs to control the fat metabolism. This review summarizes the main research achievements of PAP in recent years.