中文摘要：

细菌对抗菌药物的耐药性已成为全球性问题；另一方面，自20世纪90年代以来，新抗菌药物的研发、上市速度明显下降，因此造成临床无药可用的危险境地。近年来科学家们研发了一些对耐药菌具抗菌活性的新化合物及进入各期临床试验的新抗菌药物。本文对3个新抗菌药物特拉万星（Telavancin）、头孢洛林（Ceftaroline）和非达霉素（Fidaxomicin），2011年底在我国上市的替加环素，以及数个进入Ⅰ～Ⅲ期新药临床试验的抗菌药物进行综述，供临床医学、药学工作者参考。

英文摘要：

Bacterial resistance to antimicrobials has been a global problem. On the other hand, however, the development of new antimicrobials has been markedly decreased since 1990s. We are facing the situation that there will be no drug to be used for the treatment of severe infections caused by pan-drug resistant bacteria. To date, some new compounds or new drugs which are active against multi-drug resistant bacteria, have been developed in recent years, and are at different phases of clinical trials. This review includes three recently U.S. Food and Drug Administration （FDA） approved drugs （Telavancin, Ceftaroline and Fidaxomicin）, Tigecyline which has been launched in China at the end of 2011, and several new antimicrobials at phases I to III clinical trials.