中文摘要：

为了探讨脊椎生物红细胞膜骨架蛋白间亲和力大小变化引起红细胞变形能力变化的进化演变。四种脊椎生物（人、鸡、蛙、鱼）的红细胞在自然状态下和经蛋白激酶C（eKC）激活剂佛波酯（PMA）孵育2h后，利用原子力显微镜（AFM）检测各红细胞的黏弹性以及采用间接免疫荧光标记法观察各红细胞磷酸丝氨酸的荧光变化：利用生物信息学软件分析和比对各红细胞膜蛋白4．1和血影蛋白的蛋白序列。结果表明，人、鸡、蛙、鱼红细胞经PMA孵育2h后杨氏模量显著增加，增加量分别为（0．388±0．035）kPa、（0．219±60．022）kPa、（0．1914±0．036）kPa和（0．141±60．007）kPa。鸡、蛙、鱼红细胞膜蛋白4．1gF存在与人所对应的312号可磷酸化丝氨酸位点且人、鸡、蛙、鱼红细胞经PMA孵育2h后的磷酸丝氨酸荧光强度明显高于各自自然状态下的磷酸丝氨酸荧光强度。意味着鸡、蛙、鱼红细胞膜蛋白和人红细胞膜蛋白一样都能被蛋白激酶C（PKC）磷酸化，且各生物经PMA孵育2h后杨氏模量增加量呈现出与生物进化过程一致的趋势。这种趋势在为红细胞变形能力的获得在进化角度以及分子机制上提供了基础依据。

英文摘要：

To study the relationship between the vertebrate erythrocytes membrane skeleton protein af-finity and deformability of RBCs. Atomic force microscope （AFM） was applied to detect the viscoelasticity and fluorescence intensity was observed by indirect immunofluorescence labeling of these vertebrate erythrocytes （hu- man, chicken, frog, fish） that were treated with Phorbol-12-myrisrate-13-acetate （PMA）, a PKC activator, for 0 minutes, 2 hours, respectively. Bioinformatics softwares were used to compare the RBCs protein 4.1 and a-spectrin sequence. The measured Young＇s modulus of erythrocytes （human, chicken, frog, fish） increased significantly after PMA treatment 2 hours and were （0.388±0.035） kPa, （0.219±0.022） kPa, （0.191±0.036） kPa and （0.141±0.007） kPa respectively. Fluorescence intensity increased significantly after PMA treatment 2 hours because chicken, frog, fish erythrocytes protein 4.1 have the phosphorylation serine sites corresponding to the number 312 of human erythro-