中文摘要：

目的探讨城市地区三种主要抚养模式对幼儿饮食特征和气质特征的影响。方法从2008年合肥市妇幼保健院出生队列资料中,随机选取480例25～30月龄儿童家庭为研究对象,应用1～3岁婴幼儿气质问卷、幼儿食物频率问卷和家庭环境调查表行入户调查。结果在所调查的430个家庭中,父母抚养模式、隔代抚养模式和父母、隔代联合抚养模式分别占33.0%、21.2%和45.8%。父母抚养模式幼儿倾向于加工类食物饮食特征,其适应性和节律性均较差。隔代抚养模式幼儿倾向于果蔬类食物和谷物类食物饮食特征,其节律性较差。联合抚养模式幼儿倾向于水产类食物和果蔬类食物饮食特征,其适应性和节律性较好。线性回归模型结果显示,倾向于水产类食物、高蛋白食物和果蔬类食物饮食特征的幼儿有更积极的气质表现,而倾向于加工类食物饮食特征的幼儿其消极的气质特征更明显。结论城市地区联合抚养模式家庭中幼儿的饮食特征更健康,气质表现更积极。饮食特征与幼儿气质间的因果关系有待进一步探讨。

英文摘要：

Objective To explore the effects of rearing patterns on diet and temperament traits among infants in urban areas.Methods A total of 480 25-30-month-old infants were randomly selected from the birth cohort in Hefei Maternal and Child Health Care Center in 2008.A household survey was conducted using China Toddler Temperament Scale（CTTS）,Dietary Characteristics Questionnaire and Family Environment Questionnaire.Results Of the 430 surveyed households,there were three main rearing patterns including parents rearing pattern（Group A）,grandparents rearing pattern（Group B） and joint rearing pattern（Group C）,accounting for 33.0%,21.2% and 45.8%,respectively.Infants in Group A tended to adopt processed food pattern,with poor rhythmicity and adaptability;infants in Group B tended to adopt fruit,vegetable,and cereals-based food pattern,with relatively poor rhythmicity;infants in Group C tended to adopt aquatic products and fruit/vegetable-based food pattern,with good rhythmicity and adaptability.Linear regression model showed that infants who consumed more aquatic products,high-protein food,and fruits/vegetables had more positive temperamental traits,whereas infants who consumed more processed foods had more negative temperamental traits.Conclusions A joint rearing pattern may be a favorable rearing style for infants aged 25-30 months in urban areas in terms of diet and temperament traits.