中文摘要：

核反应堆中辐照导致压力容器钢脆化使韧脆转变温度（DBTT）升高，从而危及压力容器安全运行，最终导致反应堆寿命终止．本文简要介绍了压力容器钢辐照脆化机制、在役反应堆的安全性监测、模拟预测DBTT的升高和反应堆延寿评估．

英文摘要：

Neutron irradiation can lead to the embrittlement and the shift of ductile-brittle transition temperature （DBTT） of the reactor pressure vessel （RPV） steels, which is the potential threat to the safe operation of reactors. Surveillance program for RPVs, irradiation damage and embrittlement of RPV steels and safe evaluation of RPVs were reviewed in this paper.