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孔雀石绿在养殖水和底泥中的残留消除规律

ISSN号：2095-1191
期刊名称：《南方农业学报》
时间：0
分类：S948[农业科学—水产养殖;农业科学—水产科学]
作者机构：[1]上海海洋大学/国家水生动物病原库/上海高校知识服务平台,上海201306
相关基金：国家“863”计划项目（2011AA10A216）; 公益性行业（农业）科研专项项目（201203085）; 上海市科技兴农重点攻关项目（沪农科攻字[2011]第4-8号）; 上海高校知识服务平台建设项目（ZF1206）

关键词：孔雀石绿, 养殖水体, 底泥, 环境因子, 残留, 消除, malachite green, aquaculture water, environmental factor, sediment, residue, elimination

中文摘要：

【目的】掌握养殖水体和底泥中孔雀石绿残留的消除规律,为其环境污染治理提供参考依据。【方法】通过人工模拟养殖生态系统,采用正交试验设计探讨不同光照强度（1025、5320、12000 lx）、扰动强度（50、100、200 r/min）和p H（6.0、8.0、10.0）对孔雀石绿在养殖水体和底泥中残留与消除规律的影响。【结果】随着时间的推移,养殖水体中孔雀石绿残留量呈逐渐减少的变化趋势,而底泥吸附的孔雀石绿残留量呈降低—回升—降低的变化趋势。孔雀石绿在养殖水体和底泥中的残留量均是在光照强度12000 lx、扰动强度200 r/min、pH 8.0的条件下消除最快。方差分析结果显示,光照强度是影响孔雀石绿在养殖水体中残留消除的主效环境因子,光照强度与扰动强度是影响孔雀石绿在底泥中残留量消除的主效环境因子,p H变化对孔雀石绿在养殖水体和底泥中的残留量均无显著影响（P〉0.05）。【结论】不同环境因子对养殖水体和底泥中孔雀石绿残留消除的影响作用表现为：光照强度〉扰动强度〉p H,因此清除水产养殖环境中的孔雀石绿残留应从底泥入手,通过暴晒和翻耕等方法制造高光照强度、高扰动强度条件以加速底泥中孔雀石绿的降解。

英文摘要：

【Object】The present experiment was conducted to investigate elimination law of malachite green（MG）residue in aquaculture water and sediment, in order to provide reference for environmental pollution control and improvement. 【Method】Through simulating aquaculture ecosystem, the influences of different light intensities（1025,5320,and 12000 lx）, disturbance intensities（50,100 and 200 r/min） and p H values（6.0,8.0 and 10.0） on residue and elimination law of MG in water and sediment were investigated by using the orthogonal experimental design. 【Result】The results showed that as time went on, MG residue in water appeared the changing trend of gradual decrease. The adsorption of MG residue on sediment changed from decrease to increase, followed by final decrease. The elimination of MG residue in water and sediment were the fastest under conditions of light intensity of 12000 lx, disturbance intensity of 200 r/min and p H value of 8.0. The analysis results of variance showed that light intensity was the environmental factor of main effect on elimination of MG residue in water. The light intensity and disturbance intensity were the environmental factors of main effect on elimination of MG residue in sediment, meanwhile their interaction effects on MG residue in sediment were significant on the 1s tand 30 thday. The effect of p H value on MG residue in water and sediment was not significant（P0.05）. 【Conclusion 】The effects from great to small in order of different environmental factors on elimination of MG residue were light intensitydisturbance intensityp H value. Therefore, the elimination of MG residue should start with sediment of aquaculture pond. Through methods of exposure to sun, tillage and so on, the high light intensity and disturbance intensity were made to accelerate elimination of MG residue.

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