中文摘要：

目的比较含嗅鞘细胞（OEC）或（和）体外溃变的周围神经移植对成年大鼠视网膜神经节细胞（RGC）轴突再生的影响。方法将24只成年雄性Sprague-Dawley大鼠随机分为4组，每组各6只大鼠：A组（周围神经对照组）：将取出的一段自体坐骨神经与眶内切断的左侧视神经近侧断端吻合；B组（OEC注入周围神经组）：自取出的坐骨神经两端注入10μlOEC悬液后移植于视神经断端。C组（周围神经体外溃变组）：将取出的坐骨神经在体外单独培养5d后植于视神经断端；D组（OEC-周围神经共培养组）：将取出的坐骨神经与OEC共培养5d后植于视神经断端。移植术后4周处死动物，计数各组以5%荧光金逆行标记的再生RGC数量。结果B、C、D三组RGC均数1481±268、1235±266和1464±285显著高于A组799±109（P值分别为0.0002、0.0010和0.0003）；B、C、D三组间差异无统计学意义（P值分别为0.3644、0.9167和0.4344）。结论OEC具有促进RGC轴突在新鲜周围神经移植物中再生的作用，但这种作用与体外溃变的周围神经相比无明显差异，二者亦无协同作用。

英文摘要：

Objective To compare the effects of olfactory ensheathing cell （OEC）-containing and pre-degenerated peripheral nerve （PN） transplantation on the axonal regeneration of axotomized retinal ganglion cells （RGC） in adult rats. Methods Twenty-four Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into 4 groups with 6 rats in each group. A segment of the normal （group A） or 10μl-OEC-injected （group B） autogenetie sciatic nerve was sutured onto the ocular stump of the left transected optic nerve （ON）. In another 2 groups, the removed sciatic nerve was cultured （group C） or co-cultured with OEC （group D） in vitro for 5 days before transplantation. All animals were executed 4 weeks after transplantation, and the number of Fluoro-gold-labeled RGC in each group was counted. Results The averages of regenerating RGC in group B （1481±268）, C （1235±266） and D （1464±285） were significantly higher than that in group A （799±109; P=0. 0002, 0. 0010 and 0. 0003, respectively）. No significant difference was found among group B, C and D （P=0. 3644, 0. 9167 and 0. 4344）. Conclusion OEC can promote the axonal regeneration of axotomized RGC in fresh PN graft, which doesn＇t differ much from the effect of the pre-degenerated PN graft. No additive effect of OEC and the pre-degenerated PN graft can be detected.