中文摘要：

目的通过探讨重庆地区慢性HBV感染者的HLA-A超型等位基因分布与健康志愿者之间的差异性,分析得出重庆地区慢性HBV感染者的易感HLA-A超型等位基因。方法应用聚合酶链反应/序列特异性引物技术（PCR-SSP）对健康人以及慢性HBV感染者的HLA-A等位基因多态性进行检测,分析不同超型中的各HLA-A位点等位基因在健康志愿者及慢性HBV感染者中人群分布频率以及等位基因频率。结果在重庆地区健康志愿者中,HLA-A3超型等位基因的表型频率（70.5%）以及等位基因频率（44.3%）均高于HLA-A2超型（45.5%;25.0%）及其它超型（P〈0.01）;但是,在慢性HBV感染者中,HLA-A2超型等位基因的表型频率（65.3%）及等位基因频率（36.7%）均高于HLA-A3超型（57.1%;32.7%）及其他超型等位基因（P〈0.01）。结论重庆地区,HLA-A2超型等位基因与慢性HBV感染相关;HLA-A2超型等位基因可能是慢性HBV感染的易感基因,HLA-A3超型可能是HBV感染慢性化的保护性基因。

英文摘要：

It has been reported that the human leukocyte antigen（HLA） class I molecules correlates with the outcome of infectious disease.However,the association of HLA-A supertype with the chronic hepatitis B virus infection（CHB） has never been clarified.Here we compared the expression of HLA-A supertype in patients with chronic hepatitis B virus infection and healthy controls in Chongqing distinct.Genotype of human leukocyte antigen（HLA）-A was detected by polymerase chain reaction sequence specific primer（PCR-SSP）.Our results showed that the allelic frequency of HLA-A2 supertype allele in CHB group was significant higher than that in the healthy control group（36.7% vs 25.0%,P 0.01）,while the allelic frequency of HLA-A3 supertype allele in CHB group was significant lower than that in healthy control group（32.7% vs 44.3%,P 0.01）.Furthermore,the allelic frequency of HLA-24 supertype allele in CHB group had no significant difference from that in healthy control group.This study indicated that HLA-A2 supertype is significantly associated with the chronic HBV infection;in contrast,HLA-A3 supertype is more likely to mediate protection of HBV infection.