中文摘要：

采用室内土箱试验,研究了垄沟施肥、垄底施肥和垄顶施肥方式和垄沟灌溉对水分、硝态氮和铵态氮分布的影响。结果表明,土壤水分最先从沟部入渗,垄沟表层土壤剖面迅速吸湿,在土壤水分再分布过程中,垄部土壤剖面含水量明显增加;但不同施肥方式对土壤水分含量不存在显著影响;土壤NO3--N的分布与水分的分布类似,施肥方式对土壤NO3--N含量存在显著影响,垄顶施肥和垄底施肥可以有效减少土壤NO3--N的淋溶,至40 cm土层深度土壤NO3--N含量仅为7mg.kg-1左右,在剖面上的分布较为集中;然而,由于土壤表面的吸附作用,土壤NH4＋-N在施肥区累积,出现峰值,再分布过程中垄顶施肥处理比垄底施肥处理土壤NH4＋-N含量高。

英文摘要：

In order to probe the influence of different fertilizer methods（no fertilizer,furrow fertilizer,ridge bottom fertilizer,ridge top fertilizer） on distribution of water and nitrogen under ridge and furrow irrigation,simulating experiment of ridge and furrow irrigation was carried out.The results showed that： The soil water first infiltrate from furrow and during the process of soil water redistribution,the soil water in ridge increased obviously.Fertilizer method nearly not influent the soil water movement and distribution.The distribution of NO3——N is closely related with the soil water.Different fertilization methods effects the migration of NO3——N at a large extent.In addition,ridge bottom fertilizer or ridge top fertilizer can reduce soil NO3——N leaching effectively.To 40 cm soil depth,NO3——N content is only 7 mg·kg-1,mostly distributed in profile.However,Since the adsorption of the soil surface,NH4＋-N accumulated in the fertilizer area,appearing peak.In the redistribution process,the content of NH4＋-N in ridge top fertilizer is higher than in ridge bottom fertilizer.