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中文摘要：
材料的屈服和破坏是不同的，屈服准则已有大量研究．但缺少严格的破坏准则．理想弹塑性模型用应力表述难以区别屈服与破坏，为此该文提出极限应变破坏判据，可用于判断材料的局部和整体破坏．给出了不同材料极限应变的确定方法，并作为破坏判据用于岩土类材料的稳定分析，称为极限应变法．将极限应变法应用于圆形隧洞，研究隧洞的破坏过程、围岩破坏深度及其安全系数，并与滑移线理论和实际模型试验的结果进行对比．研究表明：极限应变法能够判断圆形隧洞的破坏过程与极限状态．求得准确的安全系数，与滑移线场法和模型试验的结果一致，验证了极限应变法在隧洞中应用的可行性．极限应变判据具有明确的力学意义，能反映材料破坏的全过程，为岩土类材料极限分析提供了一种新的方法．
英文摘要：
The material yield and failure bear different mechanisms. There have been substan- tial research on yield criteria, but few strict rules about failure criteria. The ideal elastic-plastic model in the expression of stress was difficult to be used to differ between yield and failure, so the limit strain failure criterion was put forward, which was intended to predict the material lo- cal and overall failure. Compared with the slip-line field theory and the model experiment, the limit strain method was applied to a circular tunnel to analyze the damage process of the tun- nel, including the damage depths of surrounding rock and the related safety coefficients. The work shows that the limit strain method helps to successfully predict the failure process and ul- thnate state of the circular tunnel, and obtain accurate safety coefficients. The present results are in good agreement with those out of the slip-line field method and the model experiment, which verifies the feasibility and effectiveness of this limit strain method. The limit strain criteri- on with clear mechanical meanings reflects the holistic process of material failure, and provides a promising method for the geotechnical material limit analysis.
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